PRE AND
POST DISASTER, NiGERIA
A disaster refers
to a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence from natural or man-made
causes, which is beyond the coping capacity of the affected community. (NPDM)
The pre-disaster stage includes prevention,
mitigation and preparedness, while the post-disaster stage includes response,
rehabilitation, reconstruction and recovery
In order to be able to tackle the great
challenges posse by climate changes there exist two financial mechanisms to
cater for disaster. Pre-disaster and post disaster financial mechanisms.
Pre disaster financial mechanism involves
insurance schemes, catastrophe bonds, contingent credit, international aids,
voluntary mutual arrangement, etc. This financial mechanism can be use and
solicit in catering for disasters of any kind.
Due to building a resilient city, there arises
increase in cost of building a low carbon emission city to reduce the effect of
climate change, and in doing this financial capacity is needed by the various cities
to bring this to realization.
For some while now, Nigeria has been receiving
support in helping her planning for disaster before it ever occur from
international support such as loan, grant, and credits. Insurance financial
mechanism is another source that Nigeria use in dealing/prepare for any
analyzed hazard to cater for it occurrence.
Catastrophe bonds are a high yield risk debt
instrument which is insurance linked and meant to generate money in the case of
hazard. This instrument has found it way in Nigeria to plan effectively for any
damages and prevent the impact of climate change on the city and the economy.
Contingent credit is another form of financial
instrument that is employed by Nigeria to address the issue of pre-disaster in
her cities.
Also, reserve fund is a way the government during
the budget period reserved some specific amount of money for a particular or
tied to a major cause/event/disasters. This is done to ensure that there is
provision already to solve any challenges that might arise in the future.
Reserve fund is another cogent financial instrument used by Nigeria to cater
for it vulnerability.
Every year there are loose of lives, properties,
displace of home, turned poor people to poorer people, loose of agricultural
production, decline in economic activities and reduction in revenue and income.
This repeating year tragedy has set Nigeria on motion to devise a pre-disaster
technique to prevent this from happening and reduce the impact by accessing
fund through the listed pre-disaster financial mechanism above.
Financing the pre-disaster operation is very
important and limits the impact of hazard on the city, therefore, pre-disaster
financial instrument is needed by most developing nation to help planning and
put the necessary tools in place before disaster strikes.
Cheers!!!
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